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Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis – Part 4 – CSF findings In Various Diseases (D/D)

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis – Part 4 –  CSF findings In Various Diseases (D/D)
September 16, 2020CSFLab Tests
  • Cerebrospinal fluid is diagnostic of various diseases. The following table gives a brief summary.
 Clinical conditions
Appearance                                      
Cell count                                           
Total proteins
Other tests 
Cryptococcal meningitis  Clear or turbid 50 to 150 polys or lymphocytes 25 to 200 mg/dL the positive India ink test, and cryptococcal antigen
Leptospiral meningitis Clear to slightly hazy 5 to 100 lymphocytes 50 to 100 mg/dL H/O visit a tropical country, contact with animal urine
Poliomyelitis  Clear or colorless cells up to 500 lymphocytes 10 to 300 mg/dL positive PCR for poliovirus in CSF
Encephalitis Clear or slightly hazy cells up to 500 lymphocytes 15 to 100 mg/dL Normal glucose
Brain tumors usually clear 0 to 8 lymphocytes 15 to 200 mg/dL positive for malignant cells
Cerebral hemorrhage Colorless or yellow or bloody whole blood cells 30 to 150 mg/dL bloody color CSF, and may see increased polys
Spinal cord tumors Clear or colorless or yellow Cells are variable 1000 to 2000 mg/dl may be positive for tumors
Neurosyphilis  Clear and colorless 10 to 100 lymphocytes 50 to 150 mg/dL  reactive VDRL, positive CSF T.pallidum antibody
Tuberculous meningitis Colorless or yellow with fibrin clot 50 to 500 lymphocytes 50 to 300 mg /dL (may reach 1000 mg) Smear may be positive for AFB stain/ TB culture
Bacterial meningitis Cloudy WBC > 1000 /µL Increased Gram stain may show bacteria
Brain abscess Clear or turbid Cells are variable 20 to 120 mg/dL Gram stain may help
Multiple sclerosis Clear, colorless 0 to 10 lymphocytes 50 to 150 mg/dL  IgG index is elevated, positive oligoclonal band

Possible References Used
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